Sectional hospital tent



Jan. 10, 1950 w. R. BROWN EI'AL SECTIONAL HOSPITAL TENT 8 Shets-Sheet 1Filed Aug. 11, 1945 I VENTORJ" wQl J'olt n c Tl' BY "R 1 .141 bauqkiTI'OR/VE W. R. BROWN ET AL SECTIONAL HOSPITAL TENT Jan. 10, 1950 8Sheets-Sheet 3 WoHerR. Bro Y\/ John Cu M 7 E.-Lu.rhbaur l flTTORNEYFiled Aug. 11, 1945 Jan. 10, 1950 w. R. BROWN ETAL 2,493,749

SECTIONAL HOSPITAL TENT Filed Aug. 11, 1945 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 0 O Q 0 OE) O O INVENTORJ' WQH QV 7?. :Brown, A BY Roy E. LuJHbaurilq Jan. 10,1950 w. R. BROWN ETAL SECTIONAL HOSPITAL TENT 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 FiledAug. 11, 1945 \W NR M WW INVENTORJ' wry,

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#WOR/YEV Wan ev- 'RBW y John Y Jan. 10, 1950 w. R. BROWN HAL SECTIONALHOSPITAL TENT 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed Aug. 11, 1945 m m v. 5 N w r $5M ml w a o 0 w. R. BRbwN ETAL 2,493,749

' SECTIONAL HOSPITAL TENT Filed Aug. 11, 1945 a Sheets-Sheet '7 Jan. 10,1950 w. R. BROWN E'rAL SECTIONAL HOSPITAL TENT 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 FiledAug. 11, 1945 n W .E WW w w INVENTORJ rowv M-J/ bbauc l' ATT E) PatentedJan. 10, 1950 SECTIONAL HOSPITAL TENT Walter R. Brown, United StatesArmy, Louisville, Ky., and Roy E. Lushbaugh, New Albany, and John W.Cull, Mooresville, Ind.

Application August 11, 1945, Serial No. 610,369

(Granted under the act of March 3, 1883, as

7 Claims.

The invention described herein, if patented, may be manufactured andused by or for the Government for governmental purposes, without thepayment to us of any royalty thereon. I

The invention relates to a sectional tent having features which make itespecially suitable for use as an army hospital tent.

'It is an object of the invention to provide a sectional tent comprisingtwo end sections and one or more center sections, the number of centersections employed in the erection of a particular tent depending on thesize of tent required in a given situation.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a sectional tenthaVing a novel support and reinforcing means combined with means forsecuring adjacent sections together.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a tent having aconfiguration especially suited to receive a vestibule which is adaptedto prevent the entry of insects and to provide blackout facilities.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a hospital tenthaving a double roof for insulating purposes, the double roof beingprovided by the use of a liner instead of the conventional fly.

It is a further object of the invention to provide novel means forsecuring the adjacent sections of the tent together and for preventingentrance of rain or insects.

Further objects of the invention will be apparent from a considerationof the following description taken in connection with the accompanyingdrawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the erected tent;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the erected tent;

Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the tent;

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of a portion of the tent showing the sidewall rolled to expose the screen;

Fig. 5 is a plan view of the inner side of a portion of the roof of acenter section, showing a part of the adjoining roof section;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view on a larger scale on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5revolved through 180;

Fig. '7 is a sectional view on a larger scale on they line 'l-'! of Fig.5;

Fig. 8 is a sectional view on a larger scale on the line 8-8 of Fig. 5revolved through 180 Figs. 9, 1 0 and 11 are perspectiveviews on anamended April 30, 1928; 370 0. G. 757) enlarged scale of the jointbetween two adjacent roof sections from the outside;

Fig. 12 is an elevational view of the inner side of a detached side wallof a center section.

Fig. 13 is a. detail view of a window;

Fig. 14 is a sectional view on the line l4ll of Fig. 12;

Fig. 15 is a sectional view of the joint between two side wall sections,taken on line l5-l5 of Fig. 12;

Fig. 16 is a sectional view on the line I6l8 of Fig. 12 and showing thescreen-retaining strip in position;

Fig. 1'7 is an enlarged plan view of the ventilator viewed from theinside;

Fig. 18 is an enlarged plan view of the ventilator from the outside;

Fig. 19 is a sectional view on the line l9l9 of Fig; 18;

Fig. 20 is a sectional view on the line 20-20 of Fig. 1s;

'Figs.;21 and 22 are plan views of the inner side of the two pieces ofthe roof of the end section;

Fig. 23 is a fragmeptary sectional view of the ;roof and side wall of asection seamed together;

Fig. 24 is an enlarged plan View of an end ridge plate;

Fig. 25 is an enlarged plan view of the under side of a corner of an endsection;

Fig. 26 is a view of an end wall of an end section of the tent, viewedfrom the inside;

Fig. 27 is a view of a screen panel;

Fig. 28 is a sectional view transversely of the tent showing the linerin place;

Figs. 29 and 30 are views from the inside of the two pieces forming theend liner section;

Fig. 31 is a detailed perspective view of a hanger loop for theliner;and

Fig. 32 is a detailed plan view of a portion of the'liner pieces ofFigs. 29 and 30 joined together.

The tent comprises one or more central sections A, depending on the sizeof tent required, and left and right end sections B and C. The endsections are provided each with a vestibule D -;and are similar exceptfor having their corresponding parts reversed to form opposing ends forthe tent.

yscribed in particular. Each section A comprises a roof-forming sheet Inmade up of any desired number of strips of duck ll extending from oneeave portion to the opposite eave, the strips being secured togetherusually by a double stitched flat seam l2, and two side wall sections31. As provided in one example, the roof section is approximately 11' 1/2" in its transverse extent and 21' 8" from eave to eave. As seen inFig. 5, the ridge line of the roof section I0 is reinforced between e cn ers of the posite l ne edges by a ridge band I approximately 13%" wideand a,

. ridge band I 4, and the ends of the webbing I 5 are anchored ingrommets in the ridge plates. The ends of the webbing l5, areturned backap proximately after passing through the gromimets l8 and stitched witha plurality of rows of etiteh h 0, e ou er r f stitehiee are continuedalone he edge of he wetting l5. hreueh he e t br and th ri e band 14-Alefis eeeh ide o th r ef sec ion means s provid d ip o he he etieh. ehe ten poles. end e ee in it ther t t e ro f another center section A orto the roof of an end eetieh B r e right s e oi the e htre ee iehree h es V ewed in; Fi re i n ished in the following manner:

A racin I! wh s ab ut i f wid i se ured to the inside edge of the roofsheet l0. preferably by stitching along opposite turned under edges n nhe inner si a p e e of bbing 1. is stitched on the facing l1 s ightlytothe el te i e f the cente e facing on. each side o the ridge plate IS.The end of each piece of ehhihs, ediee ht he ri g ne s se u ed to agrommet in the ridge plate 19, and the other en}?! i he a e pla .2mounted, en d uble reinforcing patches 23 at the lower ends of the facene- .91 he oute de e s r p o i" ebb ng Z i stitehe leehtrel y of the wbbi g stripil; f om poin s s gh ly i h n he x remi i of he st 2 and. atT0 in er s stra oo s .5 are ieced under this webbing and secured bytransverse stitching 26.

The ef side o he of he t as v ewed. in

Figure 5 is finished with a facing 11' similar to,

he rieh ide ha i eorr sp e re n orei g patches l6 and ridge plate l9 anda eorree sponding eaveplatev (not show-n). Oblong gromre. spaced at. 10"in er s a on he facing strip I1, and above the upper grommet on ea hside of the, ridge plate o end of a eoin str p of. webbi s ec r o he.outide. of th roof. sheeth l ihe strip It tree of the tent sheet l0throughout, the remainder of its xtent, an a nap astener oe z 29 fo secin i lowe e to e tud. 3 on he; r ef sheet U! hea the av s e n. n. Fi s..1 each utside edge o t e roof section [0, opposite the inner edge ofthe.- ee 1 s p ovide with a water flee at to cover t e oi t be w e jacenection e eh. flap 3 I bein provided with tie strips 32 for securing itto the flap of an adjacent root section.

additi n to. the eave plates a2 at. the side edges 9f the roof section acentral eave plate .33

is ovided mounted on. e dQ-QMQ reinforei e 4 7 patch 34 of approximatelysemi-circular shape. The cave edges are finished with a turned 5%" hem35, reinforced with a cotton rope 36 at the outer edge of the hem (seeFigure 23).

The side walls 3''! of the center section A are stitched to the roofsheet I9 along the inner edge of the cave hem 35, as shown in Fig. 23.The side Walls 31 are slightly narrower in width than the roof [0 andare somewhat over 6' in height. Side Walls 31 are made of vertical. srips of ck in the same fashion as the roof'sheet l9 and are finished atthe top inside edge with a hem 38, as fieen in Fig. 12, for finishingand reinforcing the edge. Means for receiving a screen panel 39 consistsof a depending fold of cloth 49 (Fig. l6) of substantially the samewidth as the turneddown hem 33 at the top of the panel, which isstitched. into the seam between the roof l0 and side wall 31. Snapfastener elements are mounted on the hem 38 and on the flap 40 sothat-the stud M mounted on the hem will enter corresponding socket 42 onthe flap. The screen panel 39(F-igs. 4 and 2'7)is provided with matchinggrommets 43, and when the flap 49 is raised the screen panel 39 issuspended from the elongated studs 4| on the side wall hem 38. When heflap 4G s na p d. down over the p nel 3.9. an insect-proof j int isiormd. Th fabric side w l v he roll d up and. sec r d. y we l ties 4 of webin wh ch a e secured. in the roof eem at. int rvals in pa rs on o pos tesides. of the wall (Figs. 4, 12, and 1A)..

The side ed es. 4.5 of; the sid wall 31 are. finshed o e side wi h e hem4.5 (Fi .5). and. a ee or we ret ine 1 provided wi h sooner-ati is shalei s eh elements 48 nd .9 to receive n dge o n di i h se tion be weenthem, as in the case of the screen panel 39 along the eave dge f. he idewa T e opp ite ed e of th we l s. provided with a p in. hem. 50 hav n rin: mets 5 t be eeiv d n the. fastener elements. 49 of an adjacent wallsection.

Th b ttom e g f the ent. s de w ll 3.1 is rev ded. w th. sod c t exensions 52.- bouhd into he em .3- The hem r ies a. s ies of groinmets5.4. to r eive f ot s ops (no sh wn), for securing the bottom of thetent to stakes or ether upport Theide walls 31, of he een ral sections Aare provided each with two wihelewsv 5.5,. The window openings. are cutin the walls.- within reinforeing patches 56. and have a removable5.11,. he Sash comprising a transparent plastic panel 51 (Fig. 13)having double wall extensions provided with snap fastener elements whichare adapted to receive grommets in the surrounds tent wall s h wn orepart cular y i co n with the ventilator sash Subsequently- ........ed-.Th w ndows have e e i e, flaps 5.8, with ties 59 and window flapretainers 60.

As seen in F s and e eh central roo seetion s rovid d w th. a vent latoE n on side .of the ridge. A section of the roof has; a rein,- ereingpatch 6L w i is 3 lon and the same idth as the str ps o du k t, s cu d.by bein ewed. under he. rid e band M, in the joining seams lz. of the,strips. and across h ot om. of the patch. A central opening 62 (Fig.17),. which is 12" g; 18", has grommets 63 spaced r und; its edges. Asash 64 having a perforated transparent plastic insect screenti and adouble peripheral flap 66 is secured in the opening 62. by means of snapfastener. elements 6.1 and 68 mo d noppesedl re ati n. on e ner iaces.

"of e fl ps .6 and e tehd hg hr ueh the gromby a ventilator flap 69stitched to the roof panel II above the opening 62 and operated by drawlines I secured to the stiffener II at the free end of the flap 69. Thelines III for raising the ventilator flap 69 extend through eyelets 12and through D-rings 'I3secured under the ridge webbing to a bullseye I4on the center eave plate 33 on the opposite side of the roof (notshown). The lines It for lowering the ventilator flap 69 extend througheyelets I5 to a bullseye I4 on the center eave plate 33 atthe sam esideof the roof III (see Fig. 5.) Th e draw lines I0 are guided throughD-rings I6 on the underside of the flap 69, and the edges of the flap 69are guided and protected by the ventilator flap retainers 11.

Each end section B or C of the tent consists of roof elements 18 and I9of the configuration shown in Figures 2, 21 and 22 of the drawings, twoside wall units 80, and two end wall units 95, as shown in Figure 26.The inner roof sheet I8 which lies adjacent the middle section A isformed with two wings 8| which are approximatel the same width as theside wall units 80 at the eaves (Fig. 1), and are joined by a narrowbridge 82. The sheet I8 has a straight edge adjacent the middle sectionroof II], this edge having fastening means of the same type as the rightedge of the roof section III of the middle section A. The opposite sideis V-shaped, the point of the V extending inwardly to a point oppositethe center of the straight edge and forming the bridge 82. The otherroof section i9 is substantially triangular, the edge 83 forming theeave of the end tent section B being slightly drawn in at the center 84for the purpose of forming a flat joint with the vestibule section D.The inner and outer roof sections I8 and 79 of the end assembly B areseamed together with appropriate reinforcement. The center portions ofboth sections are .provided with reinforcing means 85 and 85, formingwhen assembled a fiat semi-circular patch, and an end ridge plate 81 issecured to the center of the patch 85 on the facing of the straight edgeof the piece I8. The ridge plate 81 is shown broken away in Fig. 21, butappears on a larger scale and in complete form in Fig. 24. An additionalreinforcing patch 86' may be provided at the apex of the roof section I9as shown in Fig. 24. Reinforcing patches 88 are provided at the cornersof the end section and at the vestibule, and eave plates 89 are mountedon the vestibule patches. The outer corners of the roof sections I8 andI9 are shown somewhat diagrammatically in Figures 21 and 22, but indetail as assembled with the side and end walls in Figure 25. The entireeave line is provided with a hem 99 corresponding to the hem of thecenter section caves.

The outer roof section I9 is provided with a ventilator F lying withinthe angle formedby lines extending from the apex 9| of the triangle tothe vestibule eave plates 89. The screen panel of the ventilator is likethat of the middle section ventilators E, but the covering meansconsists of a pair of overlapping flaps 92 with direct exterior'drawlines 93' (see Figure 3).

The side walls 80 of the left end section B, as seen in Figure 1, areprovided with double flaps and snap fasteners on one edge (not shown),that is, the corner edge, and with a hem with grommets on the otheredge. The side walls 80 are also provided witha single window 94 andwith a sodcloth. Since these features-are in all respectssimilar to the,corresponding features of 6 the center'section side walls, a detaileddescription is not given.

The end walls 95 of the end tent section B are seamed to the roofsection I9 along the eaves at the hem 99, the upper edge slopingupwardly at 96 (Fig. 26) to follow the roof line as it rises toward thevestibule eave plate 89. At this point a vestibule securing flap 9!(Fig. 26) is provided having grommets 98, and the vestibule wall 99 (seeFigure 1) is assembled with the side end wall 95 by a double flapcarrying fastener elements (not shown) as in the side wall joints. Eachwall 95 carries an extending portion I99 to form a pair of inner doors.A reinforcing patch IIII and grommet I92 are provided at the junction ofthe end wall 95 and the door flap I and the end wall and the flap areprovided with sod cloths I93 and I04. The screen wall retainer I05extends horizontally across the end Wall, instead of following the eaveline, and the corner edge is provided with a hem I06 and grommets I01. Ajoint is provided at I08 having the usual grommeted hem inserted betweena hem and flap carrying snap fastener elements, so that the part of theside Wall below the screen retainer I can be rolled up. The tie linesI99 are stitched into the seam H0. The vestibule D has a flat slopingroof III, the upper edge of which is secured to the underside of thecave hem 90 by any suitable means. Side walls 99 having sod cloths (notshown) and doors II3 (Fig. 3) at the outer end complete the vestibulestructure.

The end section C at the right end of the tent is made in the same wayas the section B, except for the reversal of parts and the wall joiningmeans at the inner end of this section, as viewed in Figure 1, beingprovided with fasteners of a character opposite to those of the lefthand end, that is, with a double flap and snap fasteners instead of ahem with grommets, and the roof section Il l with grommets instead ofloops as at the left side of the roof ID, as shown in Figure 5.

The eave plates 22 and 33 on the center and end sections are generallythe same as those of the end section, the plate H5, shown in Figure 25,being typical. This plate consists of a metal member secured to thereinforcing patch H6 formed by the patches 88 at the corner roofsections I8 and IS and provided with grommets II! at its outer end toreceive the tent line I I8, these grommets also extending through thetent fabric. A grommet H9 is placed within the body portion of the plateto receive the pin I20 at the top of the respective supporting pole,,andan opening with a grommet I2I is provided to receive reinforcing andsupporting webbing I22 extending to the end ridge plate ill. The endridge plates 81 have grommets I23 to receive the snap hooks I24 attachedto the ends of the roof reinforcing webbing I22 and I25 (Figs. 22 and23), and all ridge plates and cave plates at other corners have oblonggrommets to receive the webbing strips which lie along the edges of theroof sheets I9 and I8. Eyes I26 may also be mounted on the plates toreceive jumper lines and bullseyes I4 or I28 through which theventilator lines It! and liner raising lines, to be describedsubsequently, extend. The ridge and cave plates are permanently securedto the fabric of the tent, both by the'grommets which necessarily passthrough both, as those receiving the poles and eave lines, and bystitching I29 passing through apertures in the plates and through theadjacent fabric and reinforcements.

use of the screen panels.

ang na seen in Fig. 28,1the. supporting structure of the tent comprisesa series of .poles I30, each having a projecting pin I'20 at the topwhich extends throu h'a grommet I02, [I9 or I3I of one or more of theridge, or eave plates of the t t se ions A, Bar C. The end ridge platesI9 and I9 of each center section engage a pole pin I by means of agrommet I3I therein, as do the cave plate grommets II9 of each section.The center sections A are provided with support poles I at the center ofthe eave side, as Well as the corner of each section. The commonsupporting structure of two adjacent center sections A thus consists ofa pole I36 having the end eave ridge plates 22 of each section mountedthereon, while the corner grommets I33 of the eave sections have theeave lines I34 and I35 secured in them, and crossed to extend inslightly angular relation, which tends to pull the adjacent sectionstogether. The corners between the center and end sections are obviouslysimilar. ner and vestibule eave plates H5 and 89 have guy lines H8 andI36 extending therefrom in diverging relation to furnish a securesupport. In some cases the eave plate may be omitted on one member, asin the vestibule corner adjacent the end of the tent.

In assembling the tent the side of one roof section I0 or 78 having theelongated grommets 21 is placed over the side of the adjacent section inoverlapping relation with the strap loops 25 projecting through thegrommets 21. The narrower lacing strap 28 .is then threaded through theseries of strap loops 25 from ridge to eave, and its lower ends securedby the snap fastener 29, 30. The water flaps 3! are then closed over thejoint and secured by the tying tapes 32. The tent can then be raised onthe poles I30 and the eave lines secured, guy line slips I3! beingemployedaccording tov the usual practice.

The strips of reinforcing webbing I22 and I25 provided between the rid eand eave plates from the ridge plate of the end roof section to thecorner of the end section along the seam lines between the inner andouter end roof sections 7 78 and I9 and also from the end ridge plate tothe cave plates 89 at the corners of the vestibule D reinforce and shapethe roof of the end section,

forming a somewhat flattened ridge meeting the flat roof III of. thevestibule and allowing for an increase in the height of the vestibule atits inner end.

The screen panels 39 (Figure 27) which may 7 be secured inside the sidewalls of the tent are attached within the depending flaps below the sideeaves and below the flaps I05 at the ends,as previously described. Thetent walls are rolled up and secured with the ties 44 and I 09' at suchtimes as weather conditions require the A single screen panel 39 isprovided for each side wall of the center sections A of the tent, butthe side and end wall 1 of the end sections are'formed of a'continuousscreen panel, this being the panel illustrated in Figure 27.

Each panel 32 consists preferably of a per-- forated plastic sheet ofsuitable color, usually olive drab; and 'with varying degrees of lighttransmitting capacity. The panels 39 are bound on their edges withcotton webbing I38 and provided with grommets 43 on the top and one sideedge and with double flaps I39 with snap. fasten, erson the other sideedge for securing them to the wall flaps and to one another. 'At thebottom a sod cloth I40, with binding and grommets The cor- .8 toreiceivefoot stdpsjisprovided as "in the side walls of the tent A splash'curtain MI is also secured in the'binding at the outside of'the loweredge of the panels and extends upwardly as far as desired to prevententrance of water splashed from the eave runoff. Where the panels forthe end section extend around the corner pole a vertical chafing stripI42 of the fabric is applied to the panel 39.

Corresponding to each section of the tent is an inner lining member -G(Figs. 28 and 29) of lighter weight material having substantially thesame-configuration as the roof of the section itself. Figure'29 showstheliner section I43 corresponding to the roof of the end section B. Theadjacent liner sections are secured together by snap fasteners I44placed along hemmed edges. The .liner sections are provided with cutoutsforming apertures of a size to slide freely up and down the centersupporting poles I30 of the tent and lines I45 are attached to the loopsI46 at the reinforced edge of each cutout and at the reinforcedcorners'where the sections are stitched together. These lines I45 arepassed upwardly through the bullseyes-14 and I28 of the ridge or eaveplate adjacent the corresponding portion and the ends returned throughthe apertures surrounding the center poles or between the liner and sidewalls of the tent and secured to the respective poles I30; Thecompletely assembled liner G can thus beraised and suspended beneaththetent roof by means of these lines. The end section liner is roughlyshaped to the roof by webbing supports I41 and seams I48 as between thesections I 49 and I50.

The liner may be secured at any desired distance below the tent roof, orif raised to the limit of its supporting means will hang somewhatloosely below the tent forming an air space for insulation. It-has afurther advantage of being constructed of lighter weight material thanthe conventional fly, of being less subject to damage from storms and ofpreventing the dropping of portions of the filler and water proofingmaterial from the roof onto the hospital beds below.

Stove pipe openings I5I are provided where desired in 'both the tent andthe liner, and a depending portion I52 is provided on all edges of theliner. 7 7

The material of the tent is suitably treated with fireproofing, mildewand waterproofing compositions or chemicals, but the lighter weightmaterial of the linerneed not be heavily treated, especially withwaterproofing compound.

While we have described-the preferred embodiment oi our invention inconsiderable detail, even including dimensions, it is understood thatchanges falling within the scope of the appended claims arecontemplated.

: Having thus described our invention, what we "thereon, certain edgesof said sections having eyelets received on; said loops, and retainingmeans threaded in said loops to prevent diseneasemen oi h ct ons- .2. Ase ti nal en av n aplurality of roof ections p v ed w h apertu es andmean for upport n th r f and, secur ng adja nt secti ns t ether, said mans comp ising w bbing nd ng long ce tain f. the edges of said se tionsand engaging the main supports of the tent; said webbing havingfasteners engaging the V V 1 apertures in the other edge of said roofsections, and flaps covering said apertures to prevent the entry ofrain.

3. A sectional tent having supporting poles at its ridge and eaves, andhaving plates secured to the tent fabric at the points engaged by thepoles and flexible means extending from the plates at the ridge to theplates at the eaves and lying beneath the fabric for supporting thesame.

4. A tent as defined in claim 3, certain of said flexible supportscarrying means for securing the adjacent tent sections together.

5. A hospital tent comprising fabric outer wall and roof sections,supporting poles, and reinforcing means for said roof sections, saidmeans comprising rigid plates secured to the fabric and engaging saidpoles and flexible webbing extending along the edges of certain sectionsfrom pole to pole, said webbing being secured to said plates and to saidfabric.

6. A hospital tent comprising one or more center sections and a pair ofend sections, each section having roof and side wall sections, and aliner comprising corresponding sections having roof and short dependingsections, said tent sections having rigid reinforcing plates adapted toengage supporting poles and said liner sections being adjustablysupported from said plates.

'7. A sectional tent comprising a plurality of identical center sectionsand a pair of matching end sections, each section being composed of roof10 and wall panels, means for securing the roof panels together andsupporting the same, and interleaved connections between the edges ofadjacent sidewall panels whereby the connections are renderedinsect-proof.

WALTER R. BROWN. ROY E. LUSHBAUGH. JOHN W. CULL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 426,659 Carpenter Apr. 29, 1890844,632 Thompson Feb. 19, 1907 998,915 McMillin July 25, 1911 1,045,132Dorsey Nov. 26, 1912 1,061,547 Kennedy May 13, 1913 1,377,788 PennewellMay 10, 1921 1,494,050 Wittmann May 13, 1924 1,730,565 Flintjer Oct. 8,1929 1,833,096 Smith Nov. 24, 1931 1,856,658 Rummler May 3, 19322,345,377 Bowen Mar. 28, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 54,613Norway Nov. 12, 1934

